02019nam a2200217Ia 4500 CTU_227735 210402s9999 xx 000 0 und d 338.0942 S416 Science, technology, and economic growth in the eighteenth century Edited with an introd. by A. E. Musson London Methuen 1972 Economists have become accustomed to associate long-term economic growth with technological progress; it is deeply embedded in the main message of the Solow-inspired growth models, which treated technological change as exogenous, and even more so in the endogenous growth models. Whether technology is a deus ex machina that somehow makes productivity grow a little each year, or produced within the system by the rational and purposeful application of research and development, the growth of human and physical capital that are strongly complementary with productivity growth, or even in the simple TFP computations that often equate the residual with technological progress – technology is central to the dynamic of the economy in the past two centuries. Many scholars believe that people are inherently innovative and that if only the circumstances are right (the exact nature of these conditions differs from scholar to scholar), technological change is almost guaranteed. This somewhat heroic assumption is shared by scholars as diverse as Robert Lucas and Eric L. Jones, yet it seems at variance with the historical record. The record is that despite many significant, even path-breaking innovations in many societies since the start of written history, it has not really been a major factor in economic growth, such as it was, before the Industrial Revolution. Công nghiệp,Industries Lịch sử,History Thế kỷ 18,18th century Nước Anh,Great Britain dqhieu Trung tâm Học liệu Trường Đại học Cần Thơ