Boulevard of Broken Symmetries
Effective theories of quantumliquids (superconductors and superfluids of various types) are derived starting from microscopic models at the absolute zero of temperature. Special care is taken to assure Galilei invariance. The effective theories are employed to investigate the quantum numbers carr...
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| Tác giả chính: | |
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| Định dạng: | Sách |
| Ngôn ngữ: | English |
| Được phát hành: |
2012
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| Những chủ đề: | |
| Truy cập trực tuyến: | https://scholar.dlu.edu.vn/thuvienso/handle/DLU123456789/33133 |
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| Thư viện lưu trữ: | Thư viện Trường Đại học Đà Lạt |
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| Tóm tắt: | Effective theories of quantumliquids (superconductors and superfluids of various types)
are derived starting from microscopic models at the absolute zero of temperature. Special
care is taken to assure Galilei invariance. The effective theories are employed
to investigate the quantum numbers carried by the topological defects present in the
phases with spontaneously broken symmetries. Due to topological terms induced by
quantum fluctuations, these numbers are sometimes found to be fractional. The zerotemperature
effective theories are further used to study the quantum critical behavior
of the liquid-to-insulator transition which these systems undergo as the applied magnetic
field, the amount of impurities, or the charge carrier density varies. The classical,
finite-temperature phase transitions to the normal state are discussed from the point of
view of dual theories, where the defects of the original formulation become the elementary
excitations. A connection with bosonization is pointed out. |
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