Meningitis Cellular and Molecular Basis
Meningitis is defi ned as infl ammation of the meninges, the membranes that surround the brain within the skull and the spinal cord within the spinal canal. In this book, our current knowledge of the molecular and cellular basis of meningitis is presented. This knowledge is presented on an ind...
Đã lưu trong:
| Tác giả chính: | |
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| Định dạng: | Sách |
| Ngôn ngữ: | English |
| Được phát hành: |
CABI
2014
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| Những chủ đề: | |
| Truy cập trực tuyến: | https://scholar.dlu.edu.vn/thuvienso/handle/DLU123456789/37192 |
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| Thư viện lưu trữ: | Thư viện Trường Đại học Đà Lạt |
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| Tóm tắt: | Meningitis is defi ned as infl ammation of the meninges, the membranes that surround the brain
within the skull and the spinal cord within the spinal canal. In this book, our current knowledge
of the molecular and cellular basis of meningitis is presented. This knowledge is presented on
an individual pathogen basis, enabling the reader to compare and contrast the variety of
diff erent mechanisms that lead to invasion of the cerebrospinal fl uid and meningeal irritation.
To varying degrees, based on our current understanding – and for many pathogens, still the
surprisingly signifi cant lack of understanding – each chapter presents the particular pathology
and mechanisms of pathogen interactions with specifi c host barriers. These barriers include
primary mucosal surfaces, immune clearance mechanisms in the blood and especially the
blood vessel endothelial cells that constitute the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and blood–
cerebrospinal fl uid barrier (BCSFB). Accordingly, emphasis is given to the nature of pathogen-
specifi c ligands and their host cell recognition receptors, if known, and the resulting host cell
responses and cellular rearrangements that are stimulated. Where appropriate, information
from in vivo animal models and ex vivo cell culture-based models is provided to explain the
human pathology.
This book begins with a chapter on the history of bacterial meningitis as a disease recognized
from antiquity, and the roster of famous microbiologists and clinician scientists who discovered
the major causative organisms. Fundamental to understanding meningitis, the following
chapter describes the structural and functional aspects of the meninges and the nature of the
BBB and BCSFB. This is followed by the third introductory chapter, which presents a review of
the evidence-based clinical and diagnostic features of meningitis. Before considering bacterial
meningitis, an overview of viral meningitis is included, in acknowledgement that most cases
of meningitis are indeed viral in origin, aseptic and more ot en resolving. Next, we consider
the major organisms causing pyogenic meningitis and infection that can occur in epidemic
form, i.e. Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus infl uenzae. These
chapters are followed by reviews of the two major causative organisms of neonatal meningitis,
Escherichia coli and Group B Streptococcus. By contrast to the descriptions of epidemic meningitis,
we also recognize the chronic condition: a chapter is included that provides an overview of
chronic meningitis, with mention of bacterial, fungal (e.g. Cryptococcus neoformans, a signifi cant
opportunistic pathogen of immune-compromised patients), protozoan and helminthic causes.
This is followed by chapters that go into greater detail on specifi c pathogens, two of which are
historical scourges of humankind, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Treponema pallidum. |
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