Understanding Changes in Poverty

The 2015 Millennium Development Goal to cut in half the share of the world?s population living in extreme poverty was met with time to spare. By 2013, the percentage of developing-country populations living in extreme poverty decreased from 43 percent in 1990 to 21 percent by 2010. Clearly, there is...

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Những tác giả chính:	Inchauste, Gabriela, Azevedo, JoãoPedro, Essama-Nssah, B., Olivieri, Sergio
Định dạng:	Sách
Ngôn ngữ:	English
Được phát hành:	World Bank 2015
Những chủ đề:	Decomposition Identification Oaxaca-blinder decomposition Inequality
Truy cập trực tuyến:	https://scholar.dlu.edu.vn/thuvienso/handle/DLU123456789/56536
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spelling	oai:scholar.dlu.edu.vn:DLU123456789-565362023-11-11T05:38:01Z Understanding Changes in Poverty Inchauste, Gabriela Azevedo, JoãoPedro Essama-Nssah, B. Olivieri, Sergio Decomposition Identification Oaxaca-blinder decomposition Inequality The 2015 Millennium Development Goal to cut in half the share of the world?s population living in extreme poverty was met with time to spare. By 2013, the percentage of developing-country populations living in extreme poverty decreased from 43 percent in 1990 to 21 percent by 2010. Clearly, there is still a long way to go, with 1.2 billion people without enough to eat. What can we learn from the recent success? This volume presents recent methods to decompose the contributions to poverty reduction. What was the main contributor to poverty reduction? Using a simple accounting approach, we find that labor income growth was the largest contributor to moderate poverty reduction for a group of 21 countries with substantial reductions in poverty over the past decade. Moreover, in most cases, it was the growth in income per worker that contributed the most to poverty reduction, rather than an increase in employment. Changes in demographics, public transfers and remittances helped, but made relatively smaller contributions to poverty reduction. Public transfers were important in reducing extreme poverty, pointing to the crucial role of social protection systems. How was labor income growth able to reduce poverty? After a review of the literature, a structural decomposition method is presented and implemented in three countries. The results show that that labor income grew mainly because of higher returns to human capital endowments. This could signal increases in productivity, a higher relative price of labor, or both. In Bangladesh and Peru, this was driven by higher returns to workers with low levels of education, which may have partly been driven by higher food prices. In contrast, in Thailand, poverty fell partly due to increasing returns to education. 2015-06-15T06:42:27Z 2015-06-15T06:42:27Z 2014 Book 9781464802997 9781464803000 https://scholar.dlu.edu.vn/thuvienso/handle/DLU123456789/56536 en application/pdf World Bank
institution	Thư viện Trường Đại học Đà Lạt
collection	Thư viện số
language	English
topic	Decomposition Identification Oaxaca-blinder decomposition Inequality
spellingShingle	Decomposition Identification Oaxaca-blinder decomposition Inequality Inchauste, Gabriela Azevedo, JoãoPedro Essama-Nssah, B. Olivieri, Sergio Understanding Changes in Poverty
description	The 2015 Millennium Development Goal to cut in half the share of the world?s population living in extreme poverty was met with time to spare. By 2013, the percentage of developing-country populations living in extreme poverty decreased from 43 percent in 1990 to 21 percent by 2010. Clearly, there is still a long way to go, with 1.2 billion people without enough to eat. What can we learn from the recent success? This volume presents recent methods to decompose the contributions to poverty reduction. What was the main contributor to poverty reduction? Using a simple accounting approach, we find that labor income growth was the largest contributor to moderate poverty reduction for a group of 21 countries with substantial reductions in poverty over the past decade. Moreover, in most cases, it was the growth in income per worker that contributed the most to poverty reduction, rather than an increase in employment. Changes in demographics, public transfers and remittances helped, but made relatively smaller contributions to poverty reduction. Public transfers were important in reducing extreme poverty, pointing to the crucial role of social protection systems. How was labor income growth able to reduce poverty? After a review of the literature, a structural decomposition method is presented and implemented in three countries. The results show that that labor income grew mainly because of higher returns to human capital endowments. This could signal increases in productivity, a higher relative price of labor, or both. In Bangladesh and Peru, this was driven by higher returns to workers with low levels of education, which may have partly been driven by higher food prices. In contrast, in Thailand, poverty fell partly due to increasing returns to education.
format	Book
author	Inchauste, Gabriela Azevedo, JoãoPedro Essama-Nssah, B. Olivieri, Sergio
author_facet	Inchauste, Gabriela Azevedo, JoãoPedro Essama-Nssah, B. Olivieri, Sergio
author_sort	Inchauste, Gabriela
title	Understanding Changes in Poverty
title_short	Understanding Changes in Poverty
title_full	Understanding Changes in Poverty
title_fullStr	Understanding Changes in Poverty
title_full_unstemmed	Understanding Changes in Poverty
title_sort	understanding changes in poverty
publisher	World Bank
publishDate	2015
url	https://scholar.dlu.edu.vn/thuvienso/handle/DLU123456789/56536
_version_	1782535663905669120

Understanding Changes in Poverty

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