Introduction to Environmental Toxicology: Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems
We have prepared this text because we had no suitable text for teaching courses introducing environmental toxicology and biochemistry. Portions of this book have already been used to teach an introduction to environmental toxicology and biochemical toxicology courses at Western Washington University...
Đã lưu trong:
| Những tác giả chính: | , |
|---|---|
| Định dạng: | Sách |
| Ngôn ngữ: | English |
| Được phát hành: |
CRC Press
2009
|
| Truy cập trực tuyến: | http://scholar.dlu.edu.vn/thuvienso/handle/DLU123456789/967 |
| Các nhãn: |
Thêm thẻ
Không có thẻ, Là người đầu tiên thẻ bản ghi này!
|
| Thư viện lưu trữ: | Thư viện Trường Đại học Đà Lạt |
|---|
| id |
oai:scholar.dlu.edu.vn:DLU123456789-967 |
|---|---|
| record_format |
dspace |
| institution |
Thư viện Trường Đại học Đà Lạt |
| collection |
Thư viện số |
| language |
English |
| description |
We have prepared this text because we had no suitable text for teaching courses introducing environmental toxicology and biochemistry. Portions of this book have already been used to teach an introduction to environmental toxicology and biochemical toxicology courses at Western Washington University and changes suggested by these students have been incorporated. In general these students have backgrounds in organic chemistry, ecology, calculus, and often biochemistry. We appreciate any feedback and these suggestions will be incorporated into, hopefully, further editions. One of the major difficulties in preparing this book has been the rate of change seen in the field. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency prepared a new Framework for Ecological Risk Assessment, nonlinear dynamics has become a major part of ecological theory, and new methods of examining effects at the level of community and ecosystem have been developed during the writing of this book. Now it is two years later and we have made major revisions to this edition in order to keep pace with the field of environmental toxicology. Ecological risk assessment has become the operating paradigm and estrogen disruption has taken on a new importance. The field is more sophisticated in the data analysis tools that it uses and multivariate approaches are becoming more common in the literature. Perhaps the most recent development is the awareness that effects and risks must be seen on a regional scale. Multiple natural and anthropogenic stressors occur to a variety of connected habitats. In order to understand the patterns in the environment that result from the introduction of chemicals, we must take a large scale approach. It will be interesting to see what the next several years bring. |
| format |
Book |
| author |
Landis, Wayne G. Yu, Ming-Ho |
| spellingShingle |
Landis, Wayne G. Yu, Ming-Ho Introduction to Environmental Toxicology: Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems |
| author_facet |
Landis, Wayne G. Yu, Ming-Ho |
| author_sort |
Landis, Wayne G. |
| title |
Introduction to Environmental Toxicology: Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems |
| title_short |
Introduction to Environmental Toxicology: Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems |
| title_full |
Introduction to Environmental Toxicology: Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems |
| title_fullStr |
Introduction to Environmental Toxicology: Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Introduction to Environmental Toxicology: Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems |
| title_sort |
introduction to environmental toxicology: impacts of chemicals upon ecological systems |
| publisher |
CRC Press |
| publishDate |
2009 |
| url |
http://scholar.dlu.edu.vn/thuvienso/handle/DLU123456789/967 |
| _version_ |
1757659046229311488 |
| spelling |
oai:scholar.dlu.edu.vn:DLU123456789-9672009-10-13T01:25:36Z Introduction to Environmental Toxicology: Impacts of Chemicals Upon Ecological Systems Landis, Wayne G. Yu, Ming-Ho We have prepared this text because we had no suitable text for teaching courses introducing environmental toxicology and biochemistry. Portions of this book have already been used to teach an introduction to environmental toxicology and biochemical toxicology courses at Western Washington University and changes suggested by these students have been incorporated. In general these students have backgrounds in organic chemistry, ecology, calculus, and often biochemistry. We appreciate any feedback and these suggestions will be incorporated into, hopefully, further editions. One of the major difficulties in preparing this book has been the rate of change seen in the field. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency prepared a new Framework for Ecological Risk Assessment, nonlinear dynamics has become a major part of ecological theory, and new methods of examining effects at the level of community and ecosystem have been developed during the writing of this book. Now it is two years later and we have made major revisions to this edition in order to keep pace with the field of environmental toxicology. Ecological risk assessment has become the operating paradigm and estrogen disruption has taken on a new importance. The field is more sophisticated in the data analysis tools that it uses and multivariate approaches are becoming more common in the literature. Perhaps the most recent development is the awareness that effects and risks must be seen on a regional scale. Multiple natural and anthropogenic stressors occur to a variety of connected habitats. In order to understand the patterns in the environment that result from the introduction of chemicals, we must take a large scale approach. It will be interesting to see what the next several years bring. Chapter 1 * Introduction to Environmental Toxicology * Environmental Toxicology as an Interdisciplinary Science * A Brief History and Organizations in Environmental Toxicology * Legislation * Introduction to the Textbook * References Chapter 2 * A Framework for Environmental Toxicology * The Classical Viewpoint for Classifying Toxicological Effects * An Alternative Framework Incorporating Complexity Theory * Spatial and Temporal Scales * References and Suggested Readings * Study Questions Chapter 3 * An Introduction to Toxicity Testing * The Dose-Response Curve * Standard Methods * Classification of Toxicity Tests * Design Parameters for Single Species Toxicity Tests * Overview of Available Statistical Methods for the Evaluation of Single Species Toxicity Tests * The Design of Multispecies Toxicity Tests * Summary of Design Guidelines for Multispecies Toxicity Tests * References and Suggested Readings Chapter 4 * Survey and Review of Typical Toxicity Test Methods * Single Species Toxicity Tests * Animal Care and Use Considerations * Multispecies Toxicity Tests * Summary * Appendix * References and Suggested Readings * Study Questions Chapter 5 * Routes of Exposure and Modes of Action * The Damage Process * Atmospheric Pollutants and Plants * Vertebrates * Mechanisms of Action * Common Modes of Action in Detail * Introduction to QSAR * Receptor Mediated Toxicity, Endocrine Disruption, and a Mechanistic SAR Analysis of PCB Toxicity * References and Suggested Readings * Study Questions Chapter 6 * Factors Modifying the Activity of Toxicants * Physicochemical Properties of Pollutants * Time and Mode of Exposure * Environmental Factors * Interaction of Pollutants * Toxicity of Mixtures * Mixture Estimation System * Estimating the Toxicity of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons * Biological Factors Affecting Toxicity * References and Suggested Readings * Study Questions Chapter 7 * Inorganic Gaseous Pollutants * Sulfur Oxides * Nitrogen Oxides * Ozone * Carbon Monoxide * Fluoride * References and Suggested Readings * Study Questions Chapter 8 * Heavy Metals * Lead * Cadmium * Mercury * References and Suggested Readings * Study Questions Chapter 9 * Biotransformation, Detoxification, and Biodegradation * Introduction * Metabolism of Environmental Chemicals: o Biotransformation o Microbial Degradation o Bioremediation * Isolation and Engineering of Degradative Organisms * References and Suggested Readings * Study Questions Chapter 10 * Measurement and Interpretation of the Ecological Effects of Toxicants * Introduction * Measurement of Ecological Effects at Various Levels of Biological Organization * Molecular and Physiological Indicators of Chemical Stress-Biomarkers * Population Parameters * Assemblage and Community Parameters * Interpretation of Effects at the Population, Community, and Ecosystem Levels of Organization * Community and Ecosystem Effects * Application of Multivariate Techniques * Interpretation of Ecosystem Level Impacts * Appendix * References and Suggested Readings * Study Questions Chapter 11 * Ecological Risk Assessment * Introduction * Basics of Risk Assessment * Ecological Risk Assessment * Ecological Risk Assessment Framework v Risk Characterization * Developments in Ecological Risk Assessment * A Ranking Approach to Multiple Stressor, Wide Area Ecological Risk Assessment * References and Suggested Readings * Study Questions 2009-10-12T03:38:58Z 2009-10-12T03:38:58Z 1998 Book 156670265 http://scholar.dlu.edu.vn/thuvienso/handle/DLU123456789/967 en application/octet-stream CRC Press |