NGHIÊN CỨU, ĐÁNH GIÁ GIÁ TRỊ LỊCH SỬ - VĂN HÓA CÁC DI TÍCH KHẢO CỔ HỌC TIỀN SỬ TRONG CÔNG VIÊN ĐỊA CHẤT TOÀN CẦU ĐẮK NÔNG
Dak Nong province is located in the southwest of the Central Highlands, upstream of the Serepok River system and is a gathering place for many ethnic groups in Vietnam. In addition to indigenous ethnic groups, such as M'Nong, Ede, and Ma, in Dak Nong there are also Vietnamese and several other...
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| Những tác giả chính: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Định dạng: | Research report |
| Ngôn ngữ: | Vietnamese |
| Được phát hành: |
Trường Đại học Đà Lạt
2024
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| Những chủ đề: | |
| Truy cập trực tuyến: | https://scholar.dlu.edu.vn/handle/123456789/3565 |
| Các nhãn: |
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| Thư viện lưu trữ: | Thư viện Trường Đại học Đà Lạt |
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| Tóm tắt: | Dak Nong province is located in the southwest of the Central Highlands, upstream of the Serepok River system and is a gathering place for many ethnic groups in Vietnam. In addition to indigenous ethnic groups, such as M'Nong, Ede, and Ma, in Dak Nong there are also Vietnamese and several other ethnic minorities who have migrated from the North since 1975. It can be affirmed that Dak Nong is one of the earliest human-inhabited lands in the Central Highlands. The oldest traces of humans here are a group of stone relics discovered at the Dak Wel site (Dak R'lap district). These relics are dated to the Late Paleolithic period. For more than a decade, archaeologists have continued to discover and study many relics and artefacts belonging to the Early Neolithic - Late Neolithic - Metal period in Dak R'lap district, Cu Jut, Dak Song, Dak Mil and Krong No.
Prehistoric cultural relics in Dak Nong belong to many types, such as Residence, residence-workshop, residence - workshop - -burial, and animal relics; The complex of relics is rich and diverse and belongs to many periods and many different locations in Dak Nong province. However, most of these collections of relics were discovered on the surface, and not yet explored or excavated. Systematic research; identifies characteristics, properties, and age; Sketching a picture of the life of prehistoric inhabitants is, therefore, a necessary task.
The project has systematized research materials on the prehistoric period of Dak Nong province in general and in the area within the Geopark in particular. On that basis, it can be identified as follows:
- The group of stone tools from the early Neolithic to Metal phase (7,000 - 3,000 years BP) is rich and diverse in type. The results of investigation, exploration and excavation of some relics show that there is a certain relationship between different types of tools in terms of stratigraphic developments as well as the closeness between groups of stone axes (diachrony and synchrony). The functions of tools have a certain differentiation, but in general, they belong to one of two main functional groups: production tools or product processing tools.
- Regarding the type of relics, there are outdoor relics and relics in volcanic caves. The relics in the excavation pit are also very diverse, such as Craft clusters, human remains, animal remains, traces of stove trash, traces of a fire, circular stone structures with ash, and structures rocks arranged in mounds,...
- Regarding development stages: The relics and artefacts discovered and researched in the area within the scope of Dak Nong Global Geopark, especially the volcanic cave relics in Krong No represent continuous stages of development from the Early Neolithic – Late Neolithic – Early Metal Age. Results of the excavation of caves C6' and C6-1 (Krong No) and analysis of 14 absolute dating samples using the radiocarbon method (C14) have proven the above statement. In the early Neolithic period, the group of stone tools was characterized by double-sided grinding with types such as oval axes, disc-shaped scrapers, short axes, a few sharpened axes..., ground bone tools and absolutely no discovered ceramics. The late Neolithic period - early Metal period is the presence of full-body grinding axes and opal stripped pieces; the Appearance of manual operation; Pottery with rope pattern, brush pattern and bronze arrows appear...
- There are various documents on the types of outdoor relics of prehistoric residents in the Dak Nong Global Geopark, but they are mainly discovered on the surface. excavation results of caves C6', C6-1 (Krong No), and Thôn Tam (Cu Jut) have shown that the communities here conduct hunting and gathering as their main economic activities. many pieces of animal bones, crab claws, turtle shells, molluscs,... with traces of being burned. This partly shows how humans prepare food using fire. Prehistoric residents exploited local raw materials to make working tools and pottery to serve essential needs. They resided in caves and buried their dead at their residences, preserving the tradition of burying people lying curled up with their knees tied up in cave C6-1 in the early layers (dated about 5,500 - 6,500 BP). In addition, in the excavation pit there are traces of black soil pits containing coal, ash and relics; or the cluster of circular stones at C6-1 and C6' containing charcoal and ash - most likely related to the cremation custom (?) like outdoor residents often seen in late Neolithic - early Metal period cultures in the Central Highlands.
- In addition to traditional excavation methods in archaeology, the research team also inherited interdisciplinary research results such as a lot of scientific information related to age, fauna, flora, and paleoclimate. , land,... It can be said that this research has used many reliable scientific bases to understand the history of prehistoric inhabitants' occupation of volcanic lands, the cultural development process of resident communities, and the position of "living in cave" residents about environmental changes, in exchange and integration with other cultures in Dak Nong in particular and the Central Highlands in general.
In summary, prehistoric archaeological research in Dak Nong Global Geopark is only the first step, there are still many issues that need to be continued, such as Investigations and discoveries; Re-examination and excavation of cave and other outdoor archaeological sites. These activities will contribute positively to the study of the historical and cultural processes of prehistoric communities in Dak Nong in particular and the Central Highlands in general; Contributing to preserving and promoting archaeological cultural heritage, building cultural tourism into a key economic sector for sustainable socio-economic development in Dak Nong. |
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